Dystonia is a syndrome characterized by twisting involuntary movements or sustained postures. Virtually any part of the body can be involved including the muscles of the face, speech and swallowing, neck, trunk, arm or leg. The disorder may be inherited or may occur in the absence of a family history. The disorder may appear in childhood or adulthood. It is an unusual condition, and is frequently misdiagnosed.

In some families, dystonia is an inherited condition. In others, dystonia may relate to an underlying brain abnormality or may follow chronic exposure to certain drugs. The diagnostic evaluation focuses on elements of the history and physical examination which may elucidate the cause of the disorder. However, in many cases, no cause may be found. Once present, dystonia tends to be a life long illness, though some patients may have one or more remissions. No consistent brain abnormality can be found in patients with dystonia. It has been theorized that a brain chemical imbalance is the offending culprit.

Various oral medications may be useful in the treatment of dystonia. These include, but are not limited to trihexyphenidyl, benztropine, carbidopa-levodopa, diazepam, clonazepam and baclofen. For certain patients, botulinum toxin injections afford significant transient improvement of one or more body areas. Botulinum toxin injections must be repeated two to four times per year. Deep brain stimulation surgery is available in a comprehensive program for patients with intractable dystonia.

Our esteemed neurologists consult with neuropsychologists, specially trained nurses and other staff to provide dystonia patients with the best possible care. Many of our physicians are also researchers who are trying to further our understanding on dystonia and related diseases. For more information on current clinical trials, click on the link to your left.