Adrenal Tumors / Pheochromocytoma

What are adrenal tumors?

There are two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney. They are located toward the mid-back. Tumors of the adrenal glands are rare. However, when present, they can cause many problems by excess secretion of certain adrenal-produced hormones. One type of tumor of the adrenal glands is called a pheochromocytoma.

What is a pheochromocytoma?

What are the symptoms of pheochromocytoma?

• rapid pulse
• palpitations
• headache
• nausea
• vomiting
• clammy skin

The symptoms of pheochromocytoma may resemble other medical conditions or problems. Always consult your physician for a diagnosis.

How is a pheochromocytoma diagnosed?

In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, diagnostic procedures for pheochromocytoma may include:

• blood and urine tests - to measure hormone levels.
  
  
• computed tomography scan (Also called a CT or CAT scan.) - a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of x-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images (often called slices), both horizontally and vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than general x-rays.
  
  
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - a diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of large magnets, radiofrequencies, and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body.
  
  
• radioisotope scan - uses radioactive substances introduced into the body to create an image of the functioning adrenal gland.

Treatment for pheochromocytoma:

Specific treatment for pheochromocytoma will be determined by your physician based on:

• your age, overall health, and medical history
• extent of the disease
• your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
• expectations for the course of the disease
• your opinion or preference

Tumor removal is the only proven treatment for pheochromocytoma.  This can be lifesaving since overproduction of catecholamines cause heart attacks and strokes. The surgeon may remove one or both adrenal glands. This operations is now often able to be performed laparoscopically or minimally invasively.

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