More than 1.6 million adults ages 65 and over sustain injuries in falls each year. Most falls are not age-related and can often be prevented. Falls are the most common cause of injury visits to the emergency department for older adults. Falls are responsible for more open wounds, fractures, and brain injuries than any other cause of injury.

In the United States, one out of every three adults over age 65 falls each year, and falls are the leading cause of injury deaths among persons in this age group. Because most people also lose bone density as they age, the risk of suffering broken bones from fall-induced injuries becomes an even greater concern.

As a person ages, the risk of falling becomes greater with changes in vision and balance, coupled with other medical and physical conditions contributing to the increased risk.

Tips to reduce the risk of falling:

Certain safeguards should be taken to minimize the risk of falling, including the following:

• Have your vision and hearing checked regularly.
• Know the side effects of medications that could lead to loss of balance and coordination.
• Limit the amount of alcohol you drink.
• Wear rubber-soled and low-heeled shoes that fit properly and support your feet. Avoid wearing loose-fitting slippers that could cause you to trip.
• Be careful on wet or icy sidewalks.
• Exercise regularly to maintain bone strength and flexibility.

About 75 percent of all falls occur at home. Precautions to take in the home include the following:

• Remove small rugs or use double-sided tape under small rugs to prevent slipping.
• Remove things that a person can trip over from walking areas.
• Keep the temperature in the home at a comfortable level to avoid becoming too dizzy from the extreme cold or heat.
• Keep frequently used items in reach, without needing a step stool.
• Install handle bars next to toilets and bathtubs or showers.
• Use non-slip mats in bathtubs and showers.
• Improve the lighting in the home.
• Remove electrical cords from the floor in walking areas.
• Install handrails and lights on all staircases.

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