Specialists can successfully diagnose multiple sclerosis. But sometimes MS symptoms may resemble those of other neurological diseases, making it difficult to recognize. In these situations, doctors rely on a detailed medical history, thorough neurological examination and highly specialized tests. Often, a combination of approaches is needed to fully confirm a diagnosis of MS.

Neurologists at Rush use state-of-the-art equipment for diagnostic testing. These tests may include:

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a scanning technique that produces detailed images of the brain and body without discomfort or harmful radiation. MRI images can reveal changes in the brain and spinal cord that are characteristic of MS.
• Evoked potential (EP) studies, which electronically measure how fast nerve impulses travel through the visual, auditory and other sensory systems. By pinpointing areas where nerve impulses are slower, neurologists can detect whether multiple lesions exists throughout the central nervous system—one of the main traits of MS. The test is safe and painless, and can be very helpful in diagnosing MS.
• Examination of cerebrospinal fluid can reveal characteristic antibody and inflammatory changes that can help establish a definitive diagnosis.

Treatments available to patients at the Rush Multiple Sclerosis Center include:

• Medications that lesson the symptoms of MS, along with innovative drugs that may help stabilize a patient’s condition and slow progression of the disease.
• Rehabilitation services offered by Multiple Sclerosis Center specialists—nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists and orthotists—to help patients function more independently.
• Individual and family counseling sessions with center psychologists.
• Home-based services: The Rush Multiple Sclerosis Center staff works with patients and families to coordinate at-home therapy programs, when necessary and appropriate.
• Additional services: Vocational counseling and a wide variety of educational and support programs are available through in-house programs and the center’s close ties with the local chapter of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.