Stages of Breast Cancer
What is staging of breast cancer?
When breast cancer is diagnosed, tests will be done to find out if the cancer has spread from the breast to other parts of the body. This is called staging, and is an important step toward planning a treatment program.
What are the different stages of breast cancer?
As defined by the National Cancer Institute, stages of breast cancer are:
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Stage II is subdivided into stages IIA and IIB:
- Stage IIA is defined by either of the following:
- The cancer is no larger than 2 centimeters (about one inch) but has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm (the axillary lymph nodes).
or
- The cancer is between 2 and 5 centimeters (from 1 to 2 inches), but has not spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
- Stage IIB is defined by either of the following:
- The cancer is between 2 and 5 centimeters (1 to 2 inches) and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
or
- The cancer is larger than 5 centimeters (larger than 2 inches), but has not spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
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- Stage IIIA is defined by either of the following:
- The cancer is smaller than 5 centimeters and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm, and the lymph nodes are attached to each other or to other structures.
or
- The cancer is larger than 5 centimeters and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm.
- Stage IIIB is defined by either of the following:
- The cancer has spread to tissues near the breast (skin or chest wall, including the ribs and the muscles in the chest).
or
- The cancer has spread to lymph nodes inside the chest wall along the breast bone
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- The cancer has spread to other organs of the body, most often the bones, lungs, liver, or brain.
or
- The tumor has spread to the lymph nodes inside the neck, near the collarbone.
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